Ancient+Egypt

– Gods and goddesses – Life after death – Priestly offerings in temples – Daily prayers ||
 * Answers to assigned questions: || P 105 #2 || * Life of Pharaoh
 * Coufe
 * Noblemen’s families
 * Life of common citizen
 * Merchants
 * Laborers
 * scribes ||
 * p. 105 #3 || * Key Achievements of ancient Egypt?
 * Hieroglyphics
 * Papyrus
 * 364 day calendar
 * Embalming of the dead
 * Pyramids ||
 * p. 105 #4 || * Egyptian religious beliefs:
 * Affect on daily life
 * p. 105 #6 || * Reasons for Egyptian culture lasting so long:
 * Strong stable government
 * Continued prosperity thanks to the Nile ||
 * Chapter review page 122 #3 || * Geographic features of the Nile River valley:
 * Source is in the mountains of central Africa
 * Mouth of the Nile is at the Mediterranean Sea forming a delta
 * Seasonal flooding of the Nile River provided very fertile soil
 * Rivers run north
 * Six cataracts in Nubia ||
 * Chapter review page 122 #4 || * Role of the Pharaoh:
 * The pharaoh was considered a god
 * He was the kingdoms highest priest and lawmaker ||
 * Chapter review page 122 #5 || * Champollion solved the mystery of hieroglyphics with the Rosetta Stone
 * He discovered that certain sounds in Ptolemy’s cartouche had corresponding sounds in Cleopatra's cartouche
 * He then deciphered all the images in the code ||
 * Chapter review page 122 #6 || * Characteristics of the Egyptian religion:
 * The Egyptians believed in many gods and goddesses whose homes were the temples. Inside, only the high priests were allowed to approach the gods or goddess ||
 * Chapter review page 122 #7 || * What has happened to the treasures buried in Egyptian Tombs?
 * Grave robbers stole many treasures. The ones that survived are on display in museums. Some may still be undiscovered.
 * |||| ** Nile river ** || ** 2 words for Egyptian river which flooded every year ** ||
 * ** Egypt ** || ** Nile river allowed this place to create a great civilization ** ||
 * ** delta ** || ** mouth of river formed where silt was deposited ** ||
 * ** Cataracts ** || ** place where sailing the river becomes too difficult because of rapids and waterfalls ** ||
 * ** Nubia ** || ** land south of Egypt ** ||
 * ** Pharaoh ** || ** great kings of Egypt ** ||
 * ** upper Nile ** || ** 2 names for Southern part of Lower Nile ** ||
 * ** lower Nile ** || ** 2 names for northern part of Nile River ** ||
 * ** dynasty ** || ** rulers over several generations descending from same ancestors ** ||
 * ** Vizier ** || ** officials appointed as judges and tax collectors ** ||
 * ** scribe ** || ** people trained to write in hieroglyphics ** ||
 * ** papyrus ** || ** kind of paper made from plants growing along the Nile ** ||
 * ** hieroglyphics ** || ** pictures standing for sounds, objects or ideas ** ||
 * ** rosetta stone ** || ** 2 names for stone used to translate hieroglyphics ** ||
 * ** osiris ** || ** god who ruled Egypt before being killed by his brother ** ||
 * ** isis ** || ** wife of Osiris and goddess of magic ** ||
 * ** ka ** || ** means after life ** ||
 * ** pyramids ** || ** huge tombs for the king's burial ** ||
 * ** Seth ** || ** brother of Osiris ** ||
 * ** Ra ** || ** the sun god ** ||
 * ** Anubis ** || ** god of mummification ** ||
 * ** mummification ** || ** way to preserve the body so it is recognized by Ka after death ** ||
 * ** Imhotep ** || ** built first pyramid in 2650 B.C. ** ||
 * ** plateau ** || ** flat, elevated piece of land located near the Nile ** ||
 * ** Quarries ** || ** place where rock was cut for the pyramids ** ||
 * ** Giza ** || ** place on lower Nile where 3 pyramids still stand ** ||
 * ** Valley of the kings ** || ** 4 words for site of New Kingdom burial place ** ||
 * ** grave robbing ** || ** 2 words for stealing riches left for the Pharaoh's afterlife ** ||
 * ** Egyptologists ** || ** people who study ancient Egypt ** ||
 * ** herodotus ** || ** Greek historian who described the Nubian people ** ||
 * ** lower nubia ** || ** land between the first and second cataracts ** ||
 * ** caravan ** || ** a group of people and camels moving across the desert for protection ** ||
 * ** Meroe ** || ** became busy caravan meeting place in Nubia ** ||
 * ** kush ** || ** original Egyptian name for Upper Nubia ** ||
 * ** Kerma ** || ** great Nubian kingdom, now called Northern Sudan ** ||
 * ** Napatan period ** || ** 2 words for period between 1550b.c. and 660b.c. ** ||
 * ** Amun ** || ** Egyptian god who became important to Nubians ** ||
 * ** Ore ** || ** rock that contains a mixture of metals ** ||
 * ** Smelting ** || ** burning away impurities in rock leaving pure iron ** ||
 * ** Ore ** || ** rock that contains a mixture of metals ** ||
 * ** Smelting ** || ** burning away impurities in rock leaving pure iron ** ||

[|British Museum Website on Ancient Egypt] [|Ancient Egypt online] [|Ancient Egyptian Economy] [|Ancient Egyptian Government] [|Ancient Egyptian History from BBC] [|Ancient Egypt from Wikipedia] [|Ancient Egypt Religion] || Use the websites above to research your topic and post your findings on your ancient Egypt project web page. ||  ||   || Later, you will write an essay on the Nile river using your notes || Research the Nile River and post your findings on your group’s Wiki Page. Try to use as many of these words as you can Turkey ||
 * || Websites to help research Ancient Egypt :
 * || Websites to help research Ancient Egypt :
 * 11 8 || After completing the graphic organizer on the Nile,
 * # Acosta, Anahis || Lower Kingdom ||
 * # Cabreja, Carlos || New Kingdom ||
 * # Carrera, Joseph || Lower Egypt ||
 * # Conde, Sharlize || Pharaohs ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Delgado, Richard || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">hieroglyphics ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Dominquez, Ashley || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Giza pyramids ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Dominguez, Valerie || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Egyptian medicine ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Fernandez, Melanie || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Canaan ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Garcia, Jason || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Ancient city of Memphis ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Garcia, Justyn || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Mastaba ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Gomez, Jayden || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Great Sphinx ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Hidalgo, Diana || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Ancient city of Thebes ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Luna, Jasmine || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Faiyum Oasis ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Murillo, Vilmarys || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Ancient Egyptian language ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Peralta, Ricardo || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Daily life of Egyptians ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Rodriguez, Keillys || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Senet, the board game ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Salazar, Janilsa || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Musical instruments like lutes, lyres and sistrum ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Sanchez, Janna || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Ancient Egyptian cuisine ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Sanchez, Shadai || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Ancient Egyptian Art ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Sanchez, Yismeiry || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Burial customs ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Tejada, Lixely || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Ancient Egyptian ship building ||
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Vargas, Moises || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Ancient Egyptian mathematics ||  ||
 * || Understanding the geography of the The Nile:
 * go to:
 * [|British Museum Website on Ancient Egypt]
 * click on __**Geography**__
 * __**Read the story and write notes for each of the geography terms on the organizer**__
 * 11 2 || Egypt would probably not have ever existed without the Nile River.
 * Upper Egypt
 * Lower Egypt
 * Sahara desert
 * Delta
 * silt
 * White Nile
 * Blue Nile
 * Ethiopia
 * Khartoum, Sudan
 * Mediterranean Sea
 * Lake Victoria
 * catarac ||
 * Page 62 #2, || people who originated in Africa made stone and used stone tools and lived by hunting and gathering; we know from archaeology ||
 * Page 62 || #3 Changes which occurred in Stone age people as they settled in one place were agriculture and domesticating animals ||
 * Page 62 || #4 Which is more challenging: hunting wild animals or caring for domesticated ones ||
 * Page 62 || #5 animals today are used for food, work, transportation and companionship ||
 * Page 68 #2 || * An agricultural society emerged in the fertile crescent because of
 * The rivers which provided fresh water, silt for growing plants, reeds for building shelters, fish for adding to your meals ||
 * Page 68 #3 || * __Advantages__ of settling near a river: plenty of water and food (fishing and water birds)
 * __Disadvantages__ of settling near a river:
 * Flooding ||
 * Page 68 #4 || * Countries which occupy the Fertile crescent today:
 * Iran
 * Iraq
 * Israel
 * Jordan
 * Kuwait
 * Lebanon
 * Syria
 * Page 76 #2 || * The culture of Mesopotamia included:
 * Government, record keeping, religion, music, art, writing, architecture ||
 * Page 76 #3 || * The Assyrians were so successful in building an empire because
 * They did not destroy the societies they conquered but created laws and improved cities
 * They had a relay station system of communication to manage their empire
 * Page 76 #4 || * Major achievements Mesopotamian civilization:
 * Large organized empires
 * Wheels
 * Potter’s wheel
 * Wheeled chariots
 * Instruments to measure time
 * Melt bronze into molds
 * Studied the night skies
 * Calendars based on movement of the sun and moon
 * Page 76 #5 || * Hammurabi wrote laws to govern his people.
 * Those laws would include:
 * Organizing the agricultural production of the land, record keeping and defense against raiders from outside countries
 * Page 76 #6 || * Comparison of early civilizations measuring time with how we measure time
 * Both Mesopotamians and people of today use a system based on 60 seconds
 * Both civilizations, Mesopotamia and our own have a calendar based on the movement of the Sun
 * Page 83 #1 || * The Bible: A collection of Religious writings which retells the history of the Israelites coming to understand God as the one true GOd
 * Page 88 #1 || * ||
 * Page 88 #3 || * Scientist study what prehistoric people left behind including bones and artifacts such as stone tools
 * Page 88 #4 || * Hunter gatherers began to settle in one place near the fields where they grew their own food. They tamed and raised animals, ate the meat and used the skins for clothing and shelter
 * Page 88 #5 || * Specialization of labor occurred because there was enough food so that not everyone needed to farm. Once different people took on different tasks, such as caring for animal and building irrigation ditches, different social classes developed, along with different political and cultural groups
 * Page 88 #6 || * Cuniform writing began as a means for farmers to keep track of how much surplus food they had, along with the goods and services they needed
 * Page 88 #7 || * The Code of Hammurabi was the group of 282 laws that governed Babylonia. It set down different punishments for different crimes, depending on the class of the people involved ||
 * Page 88 #8 || * According to the Bible Abraham made a covenant with God, (an agreement) to worship only God and no other gods. Abram then moved to Canaan where he had many descendants who all share the same belief.
 * Page 88 #9 || * The Bible is a collection of religious writings that contain the story of the ancient Jews. The Torah makes up the first five books of the Bible and contains the laws which are central to Jewish beliefs; the Talmud contains the rabbi’s interpretations of the Bible; the Haggadah tells the story of Moses and the Jews’ exodus from Egypt ||
 * Page 88 #4 || * Hunter gatherers began to settle in one place near the fields where they grew their own food. They tamed and raised animals, ate the meat and used the skins for clothing and shelter
 * Page 88 #5 || * Specialization of labor occurred because there was enough food so that not everyone needed to farm. Once different people took on different tasks, such as caring for animal and building irrigation ditches, different social classes developed, along with different political and cultural groups
 * Page 88 #6 || * Cuniform writing began as a means for farmers to keep track of how much surplus food they had, along with the goods and services they needed
 * Page 88 #7 || * The Code of Hammurabi was the group of 282 laws that governed Babylonia. It set down different punishments for different crimes, depending on the class of the people involved ||
 * Page 88 #8 || * According to the Bible Abraham made a covenant with God, (an agreement) to worship only God and no other gods. Abram then moved to Canaan where he had many descendants who all share the same belief.
 * Page 88 #9 || * The Bible is a collection of religious writings that contain the story of the ancient Jews. The Torah makes up the first five books of the Bible and contains the laws which are central to Jewish beliefs; the Talmud contains the rabbi’s interpretations of the Bible; the Haggadah tells the story of Moses and the Jews’ exodus from Egypt ||
 * Page 88 #7 || * The Code of Hammurabi was the group of 282 laws that governed Babylonia. It set down different punishments for different crimes, depending on the class of the people involved ||
 * Page 88 #8 || * According to the Bible Abraham made a covenant with God, (an agreement) to worship only God and no other gods. Abram then moved to Canaan where he had many descendants who all share the same belief.
 * Page 88 #9 || * The Bible is a collection of religious writings that contain the story of the ancient Jews. The Torah makes up the first five books of the Bible and contains the laws which are central to Jewish beliefs; the Talmud contains the rabbi’s interpretations of the Bible; the Haggadah tells the story of Moses and the Jews’ exodus from Egypt ||
 * Page 88 #9 || * The Bible is a collection of religious writings that contain the story of the ancient Jews. The Torah makes up the first five books of the Bible and contains the laws which are central to Jewish beliefs; the Talmud contains the rabbi’s interpretations of the Bible; the Haggadah tells the story of Moses and the Jews’ exodus from Egypt ||