Text+book+questions+for+Ancient+Greece

Why were grapes and the sea so important to the Greeks? Map skills a map on page 196 Which the settlements were the farthest from Greece Economic effect of Greek Geography
 * Page 196**
 * Wine made from grapes was traded by sea
 * Heraclea, Pontica, Cyrene
 * Cause || Effect ||
 * Not much land for growing crops || Greeks traded for what they need ||
 * Abundant sunshine || Grew olives and grapes ||
 * Not enough space for cities || Greeks established colonies ||


 * Page 197**:

2. What role did Geography play in the growth of ancient Greek civilization?
 * As Greece is a peninsula, it developed a maritime culture. Its climate was good for growing grapes, which it used for trade. It had little land for farming, so the Greeks established colonies

3. How did the sea help create wealth for the early Greeks? 4. If Greece had been a country of flat, fertile land, far from the sea, how might life have been different fo the Greeks? 5. Apart from material goods like wheat and timber, what else might traders have brought back to Greece from abroad? What effect would this have had?
 * By providing opportunities for trade
 * It would not have developed a maritime culture and would have had less motivation for trade
 * Handcrafted goods, which might have given them new ideas about tools materials and

When did City states emerge? What were city states Who ruled the city states?
 * Page 198**
 * After mid 900 bc
 * Independent communities composed of villages surrounded by land
 * Small groups of powerful lanwoners, later male citizens

Map skill: how would people travel to Olympus?
 * Over land by foot


 * Page 199**
 * __Government Developments in Ancient Greece__**:
 * 1150-750s BC Dark ages: little is known
 * 900s BC Greece begins to prosper and grow. City states form. Government by the Aristocracy continues
 * 700 BC some City states developed **democracy**

How would the geography of Greece lead to the rights of separate city state rather than a unified nation Mountainous land led to isolated communities with separate societies
 * Page 200**


 * Comaprison of Athens and Sparta**
 * Athens**
 * Democratic government
 * Women had few rights
 * Center for arts
 * Sparta**
 * Non democratic government
 * Use of enslaved labor
 * Women could train in athletics and own property
 * Focus on military

Explain the course of the battles of Marathon and Salamis Persian fleet lands in Marathon where it faces Athenian army. After Athenian victory, Persians sail for Athena runner reaches Athens with news of danger. The Persian fleet sails home. Cooperation between Athens and Sparta was short lived. The Military build up led to confrontation between Athens and Sparta over dominance of Peloponnesian peninsula.
 * __ Page 202 __**

Why did Athenian culture reach the heights in the years following the Persian War Athenians role in achieving victory against Persian enhanced its status. Athenians used status and military power and their enlarges navy to create an Empire by forming alliances with other city states. Riches from the Empire economic resources for which artists and thinkers flourish

2. What were Greek city states and how did they function? Independent communities made up of a town and farmland around it, first ruled by aristocrats the by democracies 3. How did life differ in Athens than Sparta? Athens developed into a center for the arts. All citizens took part in the assembly. Life in Sparta centered on its army. Women in Sparta had more rights than women in Athens 4. What were some of the major causes of war in Greece? The Persian empire and Sparta’s’ fear of Athens’s power 5. Based on the definition of Democracy, do you think Athens was a truly democratic city? Athens was not a democracy because women, enslaved people and non citizens could not take part 6. How did the Greeks use their natural resources? Used the surrounding sea
 * __ Page 203 __**

Describe the Greeks perception of the relationship between gods and humans Identify the contributions of Greek culture and thought to world today
 * __ Page 206 __**

Greek Culture
 * ** Cultural element ** ||  ** Example **  ||
 * Beliefs || Human like gods and goddesses ||
 * Rituals || Olympic games ||
 * Art and building || Parthenon ||
 * Science and math || Scientific practice of medicine ||


 * Page 207 **
 * ** Source of belief ** ||  ** Mythology **  ||
 * Where god lived || Mount olypus ||
 * Form gods took || Human ||
 * Places of worship || Temples and shrines ||
 * How they worshipped || Offerings and festivals ||

How did beliefs and rituals help ancient Greeks understand their world? Greek myths explained the natural world

Legacy of Greek culture The Parthenon
 * Page 208 **
 * What was it || Temple ||
 * Why was it built || Honor gods and show power ||
 * Who ordered it built || Pericles, Athenian ruler ||
 * Who supervised the building? || Great artist Phidas ||
 * What was in it? || Best examples of Greek sculpture ||


 * Pages 209 to 213 **
 * Contributors to Greek culture **
 * Sophocles || Tragedies ||
 * Aristophanes || Comedies ||
 * Hippocrates || Scientific study of medicine ||
 * Pythagoras || Mathematical theories ||
 * Archimedes || Physics and mathematics ||

2. How did ancient Greeks view their gods? They believed that the gods behaved like human beigs and interfered in the lives of humans 3. What did the ancient Greeks add to our understanding of the world? Love of beauty through art, architecture, knowledge of human behavior through poetry, drama and philosophy; information about the natural world through math and science 4. How did the Greeks try to control the world around them in an unstable and dangerous world By seeing to understand it and create beauty 5. how did drama develop from religious rites? Roles were created for actors who danced and sang in a festival horing the god Dionysius
 * Page 213**
 * Create a timeline of Key events in the life of Philip II and his son Alexander, include at least 6 events for example; 359 BC Philip becomes king of Macedonia ||  ||   ||

359 BC Philip II becomes king of Macedonia 338 BC Phillip crushes combined Greek forces at Battle of Chaeronea 336 BC Phillip Murdered 334 BC Alexander, son of Phillip, 22 Y.O led troops into Asia Minor 326 BC Alexander reaches India and troops refuse to fight 323 BC Alexander dies in Babylon on way home from fever Hellenistic refers to spread of Greek culture which Alexander’s conquests accomplished Alexander built Alexandria in Egypt as cross roads of Hellenistic culture. Alexandria is on the Mediterranean sea. Ships traveling the sea would stop there for trading and resupplying their ships.
 * Page 219 Timeline for PhilipII and his son Alexander**

323bc to 27 BC Hellenistic age 2. Who were Philip the second Alexander the great in what did they do? They were Kings of Macedonia, father and son. Phillip conquered Greek city state and Alexander extended Empire to include Southwest Asia in North Africa. 3. How did Alexander’s campaigns spread Greek culture Through Greek language Greek Philosophy and literature and other Greek cultural elements 4. From what you know Alexander do you think he deserves to be called the great why Consider The value of military and cultural conquest 5. Was warfare the only way in which Greek culture spread to other parts of the world why or why not No it also spread to trade an exchange of ideas
 * Page 221**

3. Name four important features of the geography of Greece High mountains, scarcity of fertile land, long coastline, hot and dry summers, cool and wet winters 4. Who were the ancestors of the ancient Greeks and what happened to them? Minoans who were defeated by Myceneaeans 5. How did the early city states develop After dark times in Greek history independent communities arose, governed by powerful land owners 6. Describe how Greek democracy began Between 594 BC and 516 BC so Solon created a legal code that called for participation by citizens Cleisthenes and other statesmen Reformed government further to create a democracy. Solon took away land from the wealthy landowners and distributed amoung the people of Athens. More citizens = more democracy. 7. Who participated in Athenian democracy? Male citizens participated women and enslaved peoples did not 8. Describe Athens in 450 BC Athens was a great sea faring power that had grown rich from trade. it was also a Center of art and learning 9. What happened when Sparta in Athens went to War with each other? Sparta defeated Athens in a war that lasted 27 years the war ended he and leadership and the age of the Democracy 10. What were the Acropolis and the Parthenon and why were the important The Acropolis a hill in the center of Athens was a Center of art the Parthenon a temple dedicated to Athena a influenced architecture for generations 11. What were somewhat Alexander of Macedonia's accomplishments? Alexander conquered r a large Empire Greek ideas, art and ways of life spread throughout this Empire 13. How do you think the shape, climate and landscape of Greece influenced its roles in the world The ancient Greek became traders because Greece is a peninsula rugged landscape separated them into independent city states the climate helped them produce a variety of products for export 15. How is democracy as practice by the ancient Greeks similar to the Democracy in United States today In United States all of the men and women born in the country are citizens as citizens they can both and hold office. in ancient Greece only certain adult males could hold office were American democracy more closely resembled Greek democracy in the early years of the American republic when both the right to vote and hold office were restricted to adult males
 * Page 222**